2024 年 1 月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

注意事项 :

1. 答卷前 , 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时 , 选出每小题答案后 , 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改

动 , 用橡皮擦干净后 , 再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时 , 将答案写在答题卡上 , 写在本

试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后 , 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节 , 满分 30 分）

做题时 , 先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后 , 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到

答题卡上。

第一节（共 5 小题 ; 每小题 1.5 分 , 满分 7.5 分）

听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题 , 从题中所给的 A 、 B 、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项 ,

并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后 , 你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一

小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What does the man do?

A. A computer technician. B. A hotel receptionist. C. A shop assistant.

2. Where does the conversation take place?

A. At the grocer's. B. At the tailor's. C. At the cleaner's.

3. How did the speakers come to Seattle?

A. By plane. B. By car. C. By train.

4. What will the speakers have for dinner today?

A. Fried rice. B. Noodles. C. Steak.

5. How is Sophie feeling now?

A. Confused. B. Worried. C. Tired.

第二节（共 15 小题 ; 每小题 1.5 分 , 满分 22.5 分）

听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题 , 从题中所给的 A 、 B 、 C 三个选项中

选出最佳选项 , 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前 , 你将有时间阅读各个小题 , 每

小题 5 秒钟 ; 听完后 , 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第 6 段材料 , 回答第 6 、 7 题。

6. What does the man want to do before noon?

A. Post a letter. B. Make a card. C. Write an email.

7. Whose birthday is it?

A. Richard's. B. Sarah's. C. Vera’s.

听第 7 段材料 , 回答第 8 、 9 题。

8. What course does Professor Brooks teach?

A. Public Speaking. B. European History. C. English Literature.

9. Why does Vicky come to talk with Professor Brooks?

A. To sign up for his course.

B. To ask for a make-up test.

C. To discuss her homework.

听第 8 段材料 , 回答第 10 至 13 题。

10. What does Linda do for plays and shows?

A. She gives actors advice.

B. She assigns roles to actors.

C. She designs actors' clothes.

11. What does Linda need to research?

A. The setting of the story.

B. The decoration of the stage.

C The name s of the characters.

12. Who does Linda report her work to?

A. The director. B. The editor. C. The photographer.

13. What does Linda say about her job?

A. It pays very well.

B. It requires team effort.

C. It involves frequent travel.

听第 9 段材料 , 回答第 14 至 17 题 .

14. What does Kevin think of abstract art?

A. It has lasting artistic value.

B. It makes little sense to him.

C. It appeals mainly to children.

15. What impression did the first painting give the woman?

A. Hopefulness. B. Nervousness. C. Coldness.

16. What color was used for the background in the second painting?

A. Green. B. Purple. C. Red.

17. What will Kevin probably do this Saturday?

A. Attend an art class.

B. Visit an exhibition.

C. Buy an abstract painting.

听第 10 段材料 , 回答第 18 至 20 题。

18. What caused the closure of Pittwater Road?

A. A fallen tree. B. A flooded river. C. A car accident.

19. What happened at Town Hall Station?

A. A police officer got hurt.

B. A passenger went missing.

.

C. The station roof was broken.

20. What are road users advised to do?

A. Drive at low speed. B. Postpone their trips. C. Follow traffic signs.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节 , 满分 50 分）

第一节（共 15 小题 ; 每小题 2.5 分 , 满分 37.5 分）

阅读下列短文 , 从每题所给的 A 、 B 、 C 和 D 四个选项中 , 选出最佳答案。

A

Tom Sawyer Play Is an Adventure

A 35-minute hand-clapping, foot-stomping musical version of a Mark Twain favorite returns with this Tall

Stacks festival.

“Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure” has all the good stuff, including the fence painting, the graveyard, the island

and the cave. It is adapted by Joe McDonough, with music by David Kisor. That’s the local stage writing team that

creates many of the Children’s Theatre of Cincinnati’s original musicals, along with the holiday family musicals at

Ensemble Theatre.

This year Nathan Turner of Burlington is Tom Sawyer, and Robbie McMath of Fort Mitchell is Huck Finn.

Tumer, a 10th-grader at School for Creative and Performing Arts, is a familiar presence on Cincinnati’s stages.

He is a star act or of Children’s Theatre, having played leading roles in “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” and “The

Wizard of Oz,” and is fresh from Jersey Production “Ragtime”.

McMath is a junior at Beechwood High School. He was in the cast of “Tom Sawyer” when it was first performed

and is a Children’s Theatre regular, with five shows to his credit. This summer he attended Kentucky’s Governor’s

School for the Arts in Musical Theatre.

Note to teachers: Children’s Theatre has a study guide demonstrating how math and science can be taught

through “Tom Sawyer.” For downloadable lessons, visit the official website of Children’s Theatre.

1. Who wrote the music for “Tom Sawyer: A River Adventure”?

A. David Kisor.

B. Joe McDonough.

C. Nathan Turner.

D. Robbie McMath.

2. What can we learn about the two actors?

A. They study in the same school.

B. They worked together in ”Ragtime“.

C. They are experienced on stage.

D. They became friends ten years ago.

3. What does Children’s Theatre provide for teachers?

A. Research funding.

B. Training opportunities.

C. Technical support.

D. Educational resources.

B

When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call — not to shelter from

the rain. Ages ago, right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was…2006. I was conducting

auditions ( 试演 ) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come

and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more ”young

professional”.

As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me. Suddenly I was locked

outside. My mobile phone was inside, but luckily there was a telephone box across the street. So, I called Directory

Assistance, got put through to our landlady’s managing agent, and had a spare key sent to me with just enough time

to get back in before the actors arrived.

As it has been many years since I last used one, I should hardly be surprised that then are no longer any public

telephones near my house. The last one standing has just been turn into a “mini community library”: any passer-by

can “borrow” a book from its shelves return it later, or replace it with another title from their own collection.

For a few months after the “library” opened, I didn’t bother taking a look, as I had assumed that it would be

stuffed full of cheese love stories. Then I noticed folk conducting spring cleans dropping boxes of voluminous books

on various subjects there. And these books were free. This unbeatable price-point encouraged me to experiment with

dozens of titles that I would never normally consider buying. And I’ve discovered some great books!

If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly no longer be able to connect me

with my keys. But it can certainly keep me entertained while I wait for my wife to rescue me.

4. What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to?

A. The play.

B. The shared house.

C. The sofa.

D. The telephone box.

5. Why did the author use the telephone box in 2006?

A. To place an urgent call.

B. To put up a notice.

C. To shelter from the rain.

D. To hold an audition.

6. What do we know about the “mini community library”?

A. It provides phone service for free.

B. Anyone can contribute to its collection.

C. It is popular among young readers.

D. Books must be returned within a month.

7. Why did the author start to use the “library”?

A. He wanted to borrow some love stories.

B. He was encouraged by a close neighbour.

C. He found there were excellent free books.

D. He thought it was an ideal place for reading.

C

On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm ( 雹暴 ) in Canadian history hit Calgary’s southern suburbs. As a

result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2 million per year on the Alberta Hail

Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain

before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project

flights — worry that precious moisture ( 水分 ) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.

Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years.

“Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area

from hail,” Mr. Stienwand says, “but they’re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”

The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification

Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot

be causing drought.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating

wetter ground.”

One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the

University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes form from a seeded storm cell in

Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one really

knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”

Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “It would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice,

doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has

succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed

in relative legal safety.

8. What does the project aim to do?

A. Conserve moisture in the soil.

B. Forecast disastrous hailstorms.

C. Prevent the formation of hailstones.

D. Investigate chemical use in farming.

9. Who are opposed to the project?

A. Managers of insurance companies.

B. Farmers in east-central Alberta.

C. Provincial government officials.

D. Residents of Calgary and Edmonton.

10. Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999?

A. To compare different kinds of seeding methods.

B. To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.

C. To show the link between storms and moisture.

D. To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.

11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A. Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.

B. Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist.

C. The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.

D. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.

D

The Stanford marshmallow ( 棉花糖 ) test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late

1960s. Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room. A single sugary treat, selected by the

child, was placed on a table. Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat, they would be

given a second treat. Then they were left alone in the room. Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed

a connect ion between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.

As adults, we face a version( 版本 ) of the marshmallow test every day. We’re not tempted ( 诱惑 ) by sugary

treats, but by our computers, phones, and tablets — all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for

various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.

We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world, and our brains developed

a response mechanism( 机制 ) to these treats that reflected their value — a feeling of reward and satisfaction. But as

we’ve reshaped the world around us, dramatically reducing the cost and effort involved in obtaining ( 获取 )

calories, we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago, and this mismatch( 不匹配 ) is at the heart of

why so many of us struggle to resist ( 抵抗 ) tempting foods that we know we shouldn’t eat.

A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative ( 有重大影响的 ) environment as a

species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized ( 高度重视 ) new information. But

global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now endlessly bombarded ( 轰炸 )

with new information. Therefore, just as we need to be more thoughtful ( 深思熟虑的 ) about our caloric

consumption ( 热量消耗 ), we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption, resisting the

temptation of the mental “junk food” in order to manage our time most effectively.

12. What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel’s test?

A. Take an examination alone.

B. Show respect for the researchers.

C. Share their treats with others.

D. Delay eating for fifteen minutes.

13. According to paragraph 3, there is a mismatch between ______.

A. the calorie-poor world and our good appetites

B. the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs

C. the rich food supply and our unchanged brains

D. the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit

14. What does the author suggest readers do?