

Unit 8 What are the shirts made of?
一、词形变化:
1.environment ( n ) --__________ (adj. 自然环境的 ) 2.leaf ( n. ) --_______(pl.) 3.produce(v.)--________(n. 产
品 )
4.wide(adj.)--_______ (adv. 广 泛 地 , 普 遍 地 ) 5.German(n. 德 国 人 )--_________(n. 德 国 )6.compete(v.)--
________
(n. 竞争者 )--____________(n. 竞争 )7.history(n.)--________(adj. 历史的 ) 8.hot(adj.)--_________(n. 高温 v. 加热 )
二.重点短语 :
1.be made of... __________2.be made in... __________3. environmental protection ____________4. be famous
for…=_____________5. 据我所知 _______________ 6. on the sides of mountains__________7. 手工 _________
8. all over the world________ 9. according to_________10.be covered with…___________11. in trouble ______
12. paper cutting________13. a fairy tale___________14. at a very high heat___________
三 . 重要知识点
1. 被动语态 (Passive Voice)
(1) 被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作 ________
者
。
(2) 被动语态基本结构: be+
及物动词的过去分词
( 此处 be 是 _______ 词,有 _________________ _ 的变化 )
一
般现在时
的被动语态结构为:____________________________
(3) 被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词 by 的宾语,放在句末, by 表示“由,被”的意思
如何理解被动语态?
为更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义,可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较 :
主动语态: 主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 其他成分
被动语态: 主语 + be + 过去分词 + by + 宾语 + 其他成分
如: Many people speak English.
被动语态 English is spoken by many people.
即时练习:
把下列的主动句变为被动句。
① People play football all over the world.
② The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday.
③ Students listen to the kind teacher carefully.
被动语态的几种句型
1. 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…)
Eg : A sweet song is sung by her on the stage.
2. 否定句 主语 + be + not + 过去分词 + (by…)
Eg : A sweet song isn’t sung by her on the stage.
3. 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by…)?
Eg : Is a sweet song sung by her on the stage?
4. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by…)?
Eg : Where is a sweet song sung by her?
按要求改写下列句子。
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
1


1.Do you water your flowers every day?( 变为被动句 )
2. This English song is sung by the girls after class.
① 改为否定句
② 改为一般疑问句,并做肯定和否定回答
③ 对划线提问
(4) 含有双宾语的句子变被动语态:
双宾语:即直接宾语 ( 常指事物 ) 和间接宾语 ( 常指人 ) 的句子,每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语,即其被
动语态有两种形式,但多以间接宾语作主语。
Eg : Jack told us the truth. (变为被动语态)
We were told the truth by Jack.
The truth was told (to) us by Jack.
练习: He passes me the football. ( 改成被动语态 )
I _____ ______ the football by him.
The football ______ ______ ______ me by him.
(5) 动词的主动形式表示被动之意
1) 系动词无被动语态:以主动形式表示被动之意。常见的系动词有: be 动词 , look, seem, appear, feel,
sound,
smell, taste 等
Eg : It smells terrible. That sounds good.
2) 不及物动词 sell, wash, read, write, open, close, shut, lock, wear 等,常用主动形式表示被动意义。
Eg : This book sells well. 这本书畅销。
The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。
3) 下列动词 ( 词组 ) 没有被动式: happen, take place, break out, belong to, come out, cost, take
Eg : An accident happened yesterday.
练一练:
用所给动词的正确形式填空。
① Sunglasses __________ (use) for protecting people’s eyes.
② A picture _________ (put) up on the blackboard.
③ French ___________ (speak) in France.
④ Which language _______ the most widely _______ (speak) in the world?
⑤ The students _____ often _____ (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
⑥ Vegetables, eggs and fruits _________ (sell) in this shop.
选择:
① Cotton ( 棉花 ) ______ in the southeast of China.
A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow
②【湖北黄石】 This pair of shoes _______ hand, and it ______ very comfortable.
A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels
③ ( 湖北)— Your bedroom is so clean.
—Of course. It ______ every day.
A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned
④【江苏常州】 This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ______ well.
A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold
⑤【河南】 — Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.
学科网(北京)股份有限公司
2