+Unit+8+What+are+the+shirts+made+of+知识清单+2024-2025学年鲁教版(五四学制)八年级英语下册+

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+Unit+8+What+are+the+shirts+made+of+知识清单+2024-2025学年鲁教版(五四学制)八年级英语下册+ +Unit+8+What+are+the+shirts+made+of+知识清单+2024-2025学年鲁教版(五四学制)八年级英语下册+

Unit 8 What are the shirts made of?

一、词形变化:

1.environment n --__________ (adj. 自然环境的 ) 2.leaf n. --_______(pl.) 3.produce(v.)--________(n.

)

4.wide(adj.)--_______ (adv. 广 泛 地 , 普 遍 地 ) 5.German(n. 德 国 人 )--_________(n. 德 国 )6.compete(v.)--

________

(n. 竞争者 )--____________(n. 竞争 )7.history(n.)--________(adj. 历史的 ) 8.hot(adj.)--_________(n. 高温 v. 加热 )

二.重点短语 :

1.be made of... __________2.be made in... __________3. environmental protection ____________4. be famous

for…=_____________5. 据我所知 _______________ 6. on the sides of mountains__________7. 手工 _________

8. all over the world________ 9. according to_________10.be covered with…___________11. in trouble ______

12. paper cutting________13. a fairy tale___________14. at a very high heat___________

. 重要知识点

1. 被动语态 (Passive Voice)

(1) 被动语态表示句子的主语是谓语动词所表示的动作 ________

(2) 被动语态基本结构: be+

及物动词的过去分词

( 此处 be _______ 词,有 _________________ _ 的变化 )

般现在时

的被动语态结构为:____________________________

(3) 被动语态中动作的发出者或执行者做介词 by 的宾语,放在句末, by 表示“由,被”的意思

如何理解被动语态?

为更清晰、更深刻地理解被动语态的含义,可以将主动语态和被动语态的句子结构进行比较 :

主动语态: 主语 + 谓语动词 + 宾语 + 其他成分

被动语态: 主语 + be + 过去分词 + by + 宾语 + 其他成分

如: Many people speak English.

被动语态 English is spoken by many people.

即时练习:

把下列的主动句变为被动句。

People play football all over the world.

The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday.

Students listen to the kind teacher carefully.

被动语态的几种句型

1. 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…)

Eg A sweet song is sung by her on the stage.

2. 否定句 主语 + be + not + 过去分词 + (by…)

Eg A sweet song isn’t sung by her on the stage.

3. 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by…)?

Eg Is a sweet song sung by her on the stage?

4. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by…)?

Eg Where is a sweet song sung by her?

按要求改写下列句子。

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+Unit+8+What+are+the+shirts+made+of+知识清单+2024-2025学年鲁教版(五四学制)八年级英语下册+ +Unit+8+What+are+the+shirts+made+of+知识清单+2024-2025学年鲁教版(五四学制)八年级英语下册+

1.Do you water your flowers every day?( 变为被动句 )

2. This English song is sung by the girls after class.

① 改为否定句

② 改为一般疑问句,并做肯定和否定回答

③ 对划线提问

(4) 含有双宾语的句子变被动语态:

双宾语:即直接宾语 ( 常指事物 ) 和间接宾语 ( 常指人 ) 的句子,每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语,即其被

动语态有两种形式,但多以间接宾语作主语。

Eg Jack told us the truth. (变为被动语态)

We were told the truth by Jack.

The truth was told (to) us by Jack.

练习: He passes me the football. ( 改成被动语态 )

I _____ ______ the football by him.

The football ______ ______ ______ me by him.

(5) 动词的主动形式表示被动之意

1) 系动词无被动语态:以主动形式表示被动之意。常见的系动词有: be 动词 , look, seem, appear, feel,

sound,

smell, taste

Eg It smells terrible. That sounds good.

2) 不及物动词 sell, wash, read, write, open, close, shut, lock, wear 等,常用主动形式表示被动意义。

Eg This book sells well. 这本书畅销。

The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。

3) 下列动词 ( 词组 ) 没有被动式: happen, take place, break out, belong to, come out, cost, take

Eg An accident happened yesterday.

练一练:

用所给动词的正确形式填空。

Sunglasses __________ (use) for protecting people’s eyes.

A picture _________ (put) up on the blackboard.

French ___________ (speak) in France.

Which language _______ the most widely _______ (speak) in the world?

The students _____ often _____ (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.

Vegetables, eggs and fruits _________ (sell) in this shop.

选择:

Cotton ( 棉花 ) ______ in the southeast of China.

A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow

②【湖北黄石】 This pair of shoes _______ hand, and it ______ very comfortable.

A. is made with; is felt B. are made from; is felt C. are made of; feels D. is made by; feels

( 湖北)— Your bedroom is so clean.

—Of course. It ______ every day.

A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned

④【江苏常州】 This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, ______ well.

A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold

⑤【河南】 — Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.

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