2024 年广东省广州市四中高二上学期 9 月月考
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Here is a selection of the world’s most unusual buildings that define
a place through inventive ways of adapting to local environments.
The floating homes of Lake Titicaca
More than 500 years ago, the growing Inca Empire began to occupy the
Uros’ mainland villages. To resist this threat, the Uros began to build
the floating islands with the water-resistant plant called totora, which
grows in the lake and is the lifeblood of the Uros community.
The perfect desert town: Ghadames
Ghadames is an impressive example of environmental planning. Thick
walls delay the sun’s heat entering a building during the day, and radiate
that heat back to the sky at night. By morning, the walls have cooled
again. Skilful use of available building materials achieves the maximum
comfort with minimal means.
Spain’s fairy-tale houses
Known as pallozas, the round houses are built from just a handful of
materials: stone, wood and dry grass. Thick stone walls depending on what
was available in the area block the cold and conserve internal heat.
Inside, the palloza’s fireplaces are essential for maintaining a constant
temperature, making it energy-efficient.
The Himalayas’ ancient design
The structures in Himachal Pradesh were built by an ancient technique
known as kath kuni. Wood and stones create a fantastic balance. The wooden
frames (框架) lessen the stress on the openings during an earthquake. Thick
stones hold the whole building firmly in place. Above all, pieces of wood
interlock together, which makes the structures remarkably flexible,
allowing walls to move in case of an earthquake.
1.Which structure was built for defending residents against attackers?
A. The kath kuni structure. B. The floating structure.
C. The Ghadames structure. D. The palloza’s structure.
2.What do the houses in Ghadames and pallozas have in common?
A. They are sustainable. B. They maximize internal heat.
C. They are built for luxury living. D. They’re made of special materials.
3.What makes Kath kuni structures earthquake-resistant?
A. The stone frames. B. The narrow openings.
C. The flexible wood. D. An interlocking system.
B
Class is in session, and Olivia Munn’s 22-month-old son Malcolm is a
star student! The mother shared a new video of herself teaching her son
Mandarin (普通话) before bed, and he nailed it!
“Chinese lessons,” she wrote over a video of her and Malcolm reading
a book before bed. Malcolm stood next to his mom to read the book with her.
As Munn said the Mandarin word, the baby repeated it back in the cutest
little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for his mama. You can even hear
someone say “Aww!” in the background, which was likely Malcolm’s dad
John Mulaney. Malcolm seemed so proud of himself, and he was so cute!
In her caption, Munn explained that the book was a gift from comedian
Ali Wong. “Thank you @aliwong for our First 100 Mandarin Words book!
Malcolm loves it!” she said.
This video went viral. Actress Melanie Lynskey commented, “The
love!!” Whitney Cummings commented, “My heart.” “Growing up
multilingual ( 多 语 种 的 ) is a magical gift,” one person said, “I’ll
always be grateful for my mother insisting on speaking Arabic to us &
giving us lessons.” Another person commented, “I love this family so much
and it’s definitely the cutest family I’ve ever seen.”
The mother often introduces Malcolm to parts of his Asian root. They
make noodles for the Lunar New Year, and she’s taken him shopping at an
Asian market called H Mart. Now he’s learning how to speak Mandarin, and
it’s so adorable.
In her latest video, Munn is reading My First Mandarin Words with
Gordon & Li Li, written by Michele Wong. The official Gordon and Li Li
account commented, “This is the sweetest! We’re so happy your little guy
is having FUN learning Mandarin with Gordon & Li Li! Big thanks to @aliwong
for sharing the Mandarin love!”
4.What does the underlined phrase “nailed it” probably mean?
A. Got a rich reward. B. Hit the nail hard.
C. Messed things up. D. Did a fantastic job.
5.The second paragraph mainly tells us _______.
A. a bedtime story B. an interactive scene
C. an amusing dad D. a reading competition
6.What can we learn about the video from paragraph 4?
A. It is well received. B. It is full of imagination.
C. It changes the way of parenting. D. It inspires people to learn
language.
7.Why is Malcolm exposed to Asian culture?
A. To learn how to shop. B. To get to know his origin.
C. To prepare for an Asian trip. D. To develop his independence.
C
You have probably heard of the Fermi Paradox (费米悖论). Given the high
probability that alien life exists out there in the universe, why has
nobody got in touch yet?
Answers to the paradox range from the optimistic to the downright
frightening. It could be that we simply haven’t sent out our own traceable
signatures for aliens to find us yet. Or it could be that no aliens will
ever make it to the point where they are able to make contact with other
species.
In Three Body Problem, Cixin Liu’s science fiction, he describes the
universe as a dark forest, where each alien society is like a fearful,
armed hunter cautiously moving forth. If that hunter finds other life, he
is left with the safest course of action: to wipe out any other lifeforms
before they can do the same to him.
Being fearful contributes to humans’ development. Our caution may save
our lives when facing a genuine threat. “Take the initiative in the
competition, and you may sleep more securely while getting extra
resources,” says Seth Shostak, a senior astronomer.
Thankfully, the Dark Forest has lots of issues that are difficult to
resolve—the most obvious being that it’s extremely difficult to hide a
technologically advanced world. “We’ve never given the slightest thought
to turning off all the radars and going completely silent because it might
be dangerous,” says Shostak.
The forest theory also falls apart when you consider the true nature of
the universe. “The distances between planets are likely to be so vast that
the idea that they would feel the need to attack one another seems odd.
Even if they fear each other, the expanse means that they wouldn’t likely
need to compete for the near-limitless resources,” says Shostak.
That doesn’t necessarily mean that the Dark Forest theory is a
nonstarter. Addressing the holes in the theory requires adding up the
terror factor. Suppose that a technological civilization is going from star
to star destroying any sign of life whenever planets with life or
technology are found. We don’t see them because they’re not there.
That’s the really scary thing.
8.What do we know about the Fermi Paradox?
A. It denies aliens’ existence. B. It is studied thoroughly.
C. Its answers vary considerably. D. Its answers are similar.
9.What can be inferred from Shostak’s words in Paragraph 4?