2024 年广东省广州市四中高二上学期 9 月月考
第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Here is a selection of the world’s most unusual buildings that define
a place through inventive ways of adapting to local environments.
The floating homes of Lake Titicaca
More than 500 years ago, the growing Inca Empire began to occupy the
Uros’ mainland villages. To resist this threat, the Uros began to build
the floating islands with the water-resistant plant called totora, which
grows in the lake and is the lifeblood of the Uros community.
The perfect desert town: Ghadames
Ghadames is an impressive example of environmental planning. Thick
walls delay the sun’s heat entering a building during the day, and radiate
that heat back to the sky at night. By morning, the walls have cooled
again. Skilful use of available building materials achieves the maximum
comfort with minimal means.
Spain’s fairy-tale houses
Known as pallozas, the round houses are built from just a handful of
materials: stone, wood and dry grass. Thick stone walls depending on what
was available in the area block the cold and conserve internal heat.
Inside, the palloza’s fireplaces are essential for maintaining a constant
temperature, making it energy-efficient.
The Himalayas’ ancient design
The structures in Himachal Pradesh were built by an ancient technique
known as kath kuni. Wood and stones create a fantastic balance. The wooden
frames (框架) lessen the stress on the openings during an earthquake. Thick
stones hold the whole building firmly in place. Above all, pieces of wood
interlock together, which makes the structures remarkably flexible,
allowing walls to move in case of an earthquake.
1.Which structure was built for defending residents against attackers?
A. The kath kuni structure. B. The floating structure.
C. The Ghadames structure. D. The palloza’s structure.
2.What do the houses in Ghadames and pallozas have in common?
A. They are sustainable. B. They maximize internal heat.
C. They are built for luxury living. D. They’re made of special materials.
3.What makes Kath kuni structures earthquake-resistant?
A. The stone frames. B. The narrow openings.
C. The flexible wood. D. An interlocking system.
【文本大意】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四个世界上最不寻常的建筑。
1.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“More than 500 years ago, the growing Inca
Empire began to occupy the Uros’ mainland villages. To resist this threat,
the Uros began to build the floating islands with the water-resistant plant
called totora, which grows in the lake and is the lifeblood of the Uros
community.”可知,浮动结构是为了保护居民不受攻击而建造的。故选 B。
2.【答案】A
【 解 析 】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 三 段 “ Ghadames is an impressive example of
environmental planning. Thick walls delay the sun’s heat entering a
building during the day, and radiate that heat back to the sky at night. By
morning, the walls have cooled again. Skilful use of available building
materials achieves the maximum comfort with minimal means.” 以 及 第 四 段
“Thick stone walls depending on what was available in the area block the
cold and conserve internal heat. Inside, the palloza’s fireplaces are
essential for maintaining a constant temperature, making it energy-
efficient”可知,Ghadames 和 pallozas 的房子的共同之处是都是可持续的。故选
A。
3.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“ The wooden frames (框架) lessen the
stress on the openings during an earthquake. Thick stones hold the whole
building firmly in place. Above all, pieces of wood interlock together,
which makes the structures remarkably flexible, allowing walls to move in
case of an earthquake.”可知,联锁系统让凯斯库尼的建筑抗震。故选 D。
B
Class is in session, and Olivia Munn’s 22-month-old son Malcolm is a
star student! The mother shared a new video of herself teaching her son
Mandarin (普通话) before bed, and he nailed it!
“Chinese lessons,” she wrote over a video of her and Malcolm reading
a book before bed. Malcolm stood next to his mom to read the book with her.
As Munn said the Mandarin word, the baby repeated it back in the cutest
little voice, followed by a smile and a hug for his mama. You can even hear
someone say “Aww!” in the background, which was likely Malcolm’s dad
John Mulaney. Malcolm seemed so proud of himself, and he was so cute!
In her caption, Munn explained that the book was a gift from comedian
Ali Wong. “Thank you @aliwong for our First 100 Mandarin Words book!
Malcolm loves it!” she said.
This video went viral. Actress Melanie Lynskey commented, “The
love!!” Whitney Cummings commented, “My heart.” “Growing up
multilingual ( 多 语 种 的 ) is a magical gift,” one person said, “I’ll
always be grateful for my mother insisting on speaking Arabic to us &
giving us lessons.” Another person commented, “I love this family so much
and it’s definitely the cutest family I’ve ever seen.”
The mother often introduces Malcolm to parts of his Asian root. They
make noodles for the Lunar New Year, and she’s taken him shopping at an
Asian market called H Mart. Now he’s learning how to speak Mandarin, and
it’s so adorable.
In her latest video, Munn is reading My First Mandarin Words with
Gordon & Li Li, written by Michele Wong. The official Gordon and Li Li
account commented, “This is the sweetest! We’re so happy your little guy
is having FUN learning Mandarin with Gordon & Li Li! Big thanks to @aliwong
for sharing the Mandarin love!”
4.What does the underlined phrase “nailed it” probably mean?
A. Got a rich reward. B. Hit the nail hard.
C. Messed things up. D. Did a fantastic job.
5.The second paragraph mainly tells us _______.
A. a bedtime story B. an interactive scene
C. an amusing dad D. a reading competition
6.What can we learn about the video from paragraph 4?
A. It is well received. B. It is full of imagination.
C. It changes the way of parenting. D. It inspires people to learn
language.
7.Why is Malcolm exposed to Asian culture?
A. To learn how to shop. B. To get to know his origin.
C. To prepare for an Asian trip. D. To develop his independence.
【文本大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了奥利维亚·穆恩教她的儿子学习普
通话的故事。
4.【答案】D
【解析】词义猜测题。根据前文“ The mother shared a new video of herself
teaching her son Mandarin (普通话) before bed, and he nailed it!”可知,她
的儿子学习普通话学得很好,说明划线词的意思是“做得非常好”。故选 D。
5.【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第二段““Chinese lessons,” she wrote over a video
of her and Malcolm reading a book before bed. Malcolm stood next to his mom
to read the book with her. As Munn said the Mandarin word, the baby
repeated it back in the cutest little voice, followed by a smile and a hug
for his mama.”可知,第二段主要告诉我们一个宝宝和妈妈学习普通话的互动场景,
故选 B。
6.【答案】A
【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段“ This video went viral. Actress Melanie
Lynskey commented, “The love!!” Whitney Cummings commented, “My
heart.””可知,这个视频获得很多赞美,很受欢迎,故选 A。
7.【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The mother often introduces Malcolm to
parts of his Asian root.”可知,马尔 科姆 通 过接触 亚 洲 文 化来 了解 自己 的出 身 。
故选 B。
C
You have probably heard of the Fermi Paradox ( 费米悖论 ). Given the high
probability that alien life exists out there in the universe, why has
nobody got in touch yet?
Answers to the paradox range from the optimistic to the downright
frightening. It could be that we simply haven’t sent out our own traceable
signatures for aliens to find us yet. Or it could be that no aliens will
ever make it to the point where they are able to make contact with other
species.
In Three Body Problem, Cixin Liu’s science fiction, he describes the
universe as a dark forest, where each alien society is like a fearful,
armed hunter cautiously moving forth. If that hunter finds other life, he
is left with the safest course of action: to wipe out any other lifeforms
before they can do the same to him.
Being fearful contributes to humans’ development. Our caution may save
our lives when facing a genuine threat. “Take the initiative in the
competition, and you may sleep more securely while getting extra
resources,” says Seth Shostak, a senior astronomer.
Thankfully, the Dark Forest has lots of issues that are difficult to
resolve — the most obvious being that it’s extremely difficult to hide a
technologically advanced world. “We’ve never given the slightest thought
to turning off all the radars and going completely silent because it might
be dangerous,” says Shostak.
The forest theory also falls apart when you consider the true nature of
the universe. “The distances between planets are likely to be so vast that
the idea that they would feel the need to attack one another seems odd.
Even if they fear each other, the expanse means that they wouldn’t likely
need to compete for the near-limitless resources,” says Shostak.
That doesn’t necessarily mean that the Dark Forest theory is a
nonstarter. Addressing the holes in the theory requires adding up the
terror factor. Suppose that a technological civilization is going from star
to star destroying any sign of life whenever planets with life or
technology are found. We don’t see them because they’re not there.
That’s the really scary thing.
8 .What do we know about the Fermi Paradox?
A. It denies aliens’ existence. B. It is studied thoroughly.
C. Its answers vary considerably. D. Its answers are similar.
9.What can be inferred from Shostak’s words in Paragraph 4?
A. Fear is deadly. B. Attacks are risky.
C. Fear dominates humans’ development. D. Attacks has survival value.
10.Which factor challenges the Dark Forest theory according to Shostak?
A. Aliens may not understand human culture.
B. The vastness of space makes conflicts less likely.
C. Advanced civilizations tend to compete for survival.
D. Competition for resources could become more serious.
11.Why does the author make the assumption in the last paragraph?
A. To prove aliens are scary. B. To find holes in the theory.
C. To add to horrible atmosphere. D. To warn us of the potential threat.
【文本大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了 费米悖论 的答案 差异 很大, 对于外星
人 的 探索 我们的 谨慎 可 能会挽救 我们的 生命 。
8 .【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“ Answers to the paradox range from the
optimistic to the downright frightening.”可知, 费米悖论 答案 差别 很大。故选
C。
9.【答案】D
【 解 析 】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 四 段 “ Being fearful contributes to humans’
development. Our caution may save our lives when facing a genuine threat.”
可知,攻击 具有生存价值 。故选 D。
10.【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“ The distances between planets are
likely to be so vast that the idea that they would feel the need to attack
one another seems odd.”可知, 肖 斯 塔克认 为 浩瀚 的 太空减少 了 冲突 的可 能性 , 挑
战 了 黑暗森林 理 论 。故选 B。
11.【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“That’s the really scary thing.”可知, 作
者在 最后一段做出这 样 的 假设 是为了 警 告我们 潜在 的 威胁 。故选 D。
D
You might not think that an AI capable of making music would stimulate
your emotion, but others think differently, particularly those who gathered
at Mexico City’s Symphony Hall in 2019 for Schubert’s Unfinished
Symphony, which I finished using melodies generated by an AI.
As the orchestra ( 管 弦 乐 团 ) finished Schubert’s original work and
began the music the AI and I had written, I could feel the crowd’s energy
shift from astonishment to indignation and fear. They seemed afraid that an
AI might be able to make emotional symphonic music. You can see their
point: an AI that makes emotional music could affect the emotional lives of
thousands or even millions of people in a small, but profound way, just
like a human musician does.
Positive and negative, people reacted very strongly to AI’s symphonic
debut ( 首 秀 ). Even though most people don’t believe that AI can create
something enjoyable, they, at least partly, did enjoy the Unfinished
Symphony. Enjoyment in music implies that there’s something in the music
that the listener connects to, a perception of shared emotion. But, in the